Whole milk returns to schools as Trump reverses federal nutrition guidelines

Nutrition standards set by the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act under the Obama administration have been reversed by a new law, the Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act, that allows whole and low-fat milk back into the US school meals program.

President Trump signed a law on January 14 that restores access to whole milk (full fat milk) in schools, which has not been served to schoolchildren for around 15 years.

The move signals strengthened support for US dairy producers. The legislation aligns with the new Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) 2025–2030, released last week, which include notable differences from previous editions, namely almost doubling protein recommendations and urging Americans to avoid “highly processed” foods.

The DGA also calls for Americans to limit products containing “artificial flavors, petroleum-based dyes, artificial preservatives, and low-calorie non-nutritive sweeteners.”

The Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act

Following this week’s signing of the law, Secretary of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, declared that “whole milk is back,” supporting nutrition for children and correlating with the DGA. 

The legislation takes effect immediately as the US Department of Agriculture has already provided guidance to US schools, which are expected to offer whole milk alongside alternatives as soon as possible.

Rollins also gave a nod to US dairy producers who sustain rural jobs and communities, and have been calling for a return to whole milk in schools for many years.

“This bipartisan solution to school meals, alongside the newly released dietary guidelines, reinforces what families already know: nutrient dense foods like whole milk are an important part of a healthy diet,” he says.

The USDA, which has also released a promotional video highlighting the health benefits of drinking whole milk, says it will rewrite the Child Nutrition Programs to ensure school meals align with the DGA.

Whole milk regaining consumer acceptance

Since the 2012 implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, schools have only been allowed to serve low-fat and fat-free milk. The Obama administration hailed its legislation for tackling childhood obesity, but the Trump administration is encouraging the consumption of full-fat dairy.

This shift illustrates changing consumer attitudes, with many now viewing dietary fat differently, especially when it comes from minimally-processed whole foods rather than ultra-processed foods.

Whole milk is increasingly being considered a rich source of vitamins and minerals, such as calcium and protein, which support overall health and wellness. 

Scientific research on whether full-fat or fat-free milk is best for the diet is mixed. Some studies link whole-milk consumption with higher cardiovascular and mortality risk. In contrast, others find there are no clear negative effects on blood lipids. Some research also highlights whole milk’s health benefits, such as supporting gut health and overall nutrition.