Polysaccharides: A Better Way to Keep Shrimp Juicy and Tasty
13 Apr 2016 --- Research has shown that phosphate alternatives such as polysaccharides – a type of carbohydrate often used as a food additive – can help retain water in shrimp.
University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) researchers are trying to find alternatives to phosphates to lock in the texture and savory flavor of shrimp.
Normally, phosphate or table salt is used to retain moisture in meat and seafood, said Paul Sarnoski, a UF/IFAS Assistant Professor of Food Science and Human Nutrition, who led the study. But adding salt to the food puts more salt in a person's diet, and that's unhealthy. Additionally, phosphates are relatively expensive.
In a study recently published in the Journal of Food Science, Sarnoski and his UF/IFAS colleagues tested the shrimp using phosphates and polysaccharides. They boiled, froze and dried the crustaceans to see how much water the shrimp lost.
For this study, UF/IFAS researchers tested Atlantic white shrimp, which, in addition to being tasty and nutritious, are a vital component to the US economy. In 2012, 118 million pounds of the shrimp were harvested, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Additionally, shrimp accounts for almost 30 percent of all the seafood the U.S. imports, according to NOAA.
Atlantic white shrimp are often cited as being popular because of their sweet taste, according to a 2006 study led by the University of Georgia. They're also a good source of protein, niacin, iron, phosphorus, zinc and a very good source of vitamin B12.
"The study showed there are some polysaccharides that will likely not change the way the shrimp tastes, feels or looks to the consumer," Sarnoski said. Researchers discovered this through taste tests by consumer panelists at the UF Center for Smell and Taste.
Polysaccharides are usually inexpensive, and in the long run, cost less for the food processor, restaurant operator -- and theoretically, the consumer – than phosphates.
